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Jacob Muschong - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Jacob Muschong

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Jacob Muschong
Replace this image male.png
Născut 1868, Kikinda, Serbia
Decedat 13 decembrie 1923, Lugoj
Ocupaţie industriaş

Jacob sau Iacob Muschong ( n. 1868, Kikinda, Serbia - d. 13 decembrie 1923, Lugoj) a fost un mare industriaş bănăţean care a făcut avere producând cărămidă.

Biografie

S-a născut la Kikinda (sau Chichinda), o localitate din Banatul Sârbesc, dintr-o familie cu tradiţie în producţia de cărămidă. Bunicii şi străbunicii lui Muschong făceau cărămidă manual, în ateliere de la marginea Lugojului. La vârsta de 20 de ani, se căsătoreşte cu Margareta Bohn, fata unui renumit industriaş german, specializat în producerea de ţigle şi cărămizi, care a construit fabrica de cărămizi de la Jimbolia, de la Cărpiniş şi avea mai multe fabrici în Europa. La 20 de ani, Muschong şi soţia sa înfiinţează firma "M. Bohn & Comp." care construieşte la 1888 o fabrică de cărămizi la Lugoj. După câţiva ani construieşte aici o noua fabrică iar mai apoi cumpără şi fabricile concurenţilor săi. În 1908 firma îşi schimbă numele în "J.Muschong & Comp." Cărămida şi ţigla produse de Muschong erau de mare calitate şi erau vândute în tot Imperiul Austro-Ungar, iar mai apoi şi în România Mare. Muschong a construit mai multe fabrici în Banat dar şi una la marginea Budapestei. Numele său s-a legat şi de soarta Băilor Buziaş, pe care le-a cumpărat şi unde a amenajat staţiunea cu acelaşi nume.

După Marea Unire de la 1918 autorităţile române au început persecutarea lui Jacob Muschong, considerând că se opune dezvoltării capitalului românesc. Este şicanat şi persecutat printr-o amplă campanie de denigrare prin presă. Au urmat controale ale autorităţilor financiare care au descoperit presupuse nereguli contabile în declaraţiile de venit, considerând sumele investite de Muschong ca profit şi obligându-l să plătească impozit pe ele. La scurt timp, Muschong se stinge din viaţă în urma unui infarct, pe 13 decembrie 1923, la reşedinţa sa din Lugoj.

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