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Agă - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Agă

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Aga a fost în Evul Mediu o dregătorie în Moldova şi Ţara Românească, având funcţia de general sau comandant peste dorobanţi şi toată pedestrimea.

În Moldova această dregătorie apare menţionată pentru prima dată în anul 1592, în timpul domniei lui Aron Vodă, care a luat o serie de măsuri de reorganizare a armatei ţării. Aga ocupa în Moldova în a doua jumătate a secolului al XVII-lea locul al unsprezecelea între boierii care asistau la dezbaterile din divanul domnesc, iar la sfârşitul secolului al XVIII-lea, locul al treisprezecelea.

Aga era mai mare peste străjile de la curţile domneşti, care erau asigurate de către dorobanţi şi seimeni. El îndeplinea şi funcţia de "castelan". I se subordonau străjile oraşului Iaşi şi dorobanţii, precum şi seimenii de scuteală (seimenii care efectuau serviciu militar pentru a fi scutiţi de dări). Aga mai judeca şi pricinile mai mici ale târgoveţilor din Iaşi şi îi pedepsea pe cei ce tulburau liniştea publică.

În Ţara Românească funcţia de agă a fost menţionată pentru prima oară în anul 1567, pe vremea domnitorului Petru cel Tânăr.

Pe vremea lui Şerban Cantacuzino, aga avea venituri însemnate din partea dorobanţilor, dar celelalte categorii de pedestrime (seimenii, lefegii şi scutelnicii) nu erau obligate să îi plătească ceva.

În secolul al XVIII-lea, după reformele efectuate de Constantin Mavrocordat, aga avea sarcina a supraveghea să nu apară incendii în oraş, repara podurile, avea drept de judecată la agie, participa la sfatul domnesc, iar la începutul secolului al XIX-lea făcea parte din starea întâia a boierilor de divan. În această perioadă aga era considerat comandantul oraşului Bucureşti, hotăra preţurile mărfurilor de vânzare în pieţe şi aplica pedepse celor care încălcau legea.

Bibliografie

  • Magazin Istoric - anul V, nr. 5 (50), mai 1971