Warning: Constant Data already defined in /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php on line 259

Warning: Constant Discuţie Data already defined in /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php on line 260

Warning: session_name(): Session name cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/Setup.php on line 531

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property LoadBalancer::$mWriteIndex is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/LoadBalancer.php on line 65

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 197

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 215

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 208

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 225

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 186

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 576

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 590

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 583

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 609

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 558

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Revision::$mTextId is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/Revision.php on line 536

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Revision::$mUnpatrolled is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/Revision.php on line 696

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property WikitextContentHandler::$mModelName is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/content/ContentHandler.php on line 416

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property RequestContext::$recursion is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/context/RequestContext.php on line 328

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/cache/HTMLFileCache.php on line 138

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/cache/HTMLFileCache.php on line 139
Alexandru Guran - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Alexandru Guran

de la Enciclopedia României

Salt la: navigare, căutare
Alexandru Guran
Alexandru Guran.jpg
Alexandru Guran
Naţionalitate român
Născut 20 mai 1824, Borlovenii Vechi, Caraş-Severin
Decedat 15 mai 1888, Viena
Ocupaţie militar

Alexandru Guran (n. 20 mai 1824, Borlovenii Vechi, judeţul Caraş-Severin - d. 15 mai 1888, Viena), militar bănăţean care a ajuns până la cele mai înalte grade din armata austro-ungară (locotenent-mareşal). A deţinut funcţii de conducere în Ministerul de Război austro-ungar şi a fost director al Institutului geografic-militar din Viena. În paralel s-a ocupat cu pictura.

Biografie

S-a născut în Banat în familia locotenent-colonelului Moise Guran. După ce a absolvit şcoala naţională din sat şi pe cea medie de la Caransebeş, a studiat la Academia militară de la Wiener Neustadt, unde a absolvit cu rezultate excelente. A urmat cariera militară, înaintând rapid până la cele mai înalte grade din armata austriacă. Astfel, a devenit sublocotenent în 1843, locotenent în 1848, căpitan clasa I-a în 1852, maior în 1853, locotenent-colonel în 1864, colonel în 1866, general-maior în 1873 şi locotenent-mareşal în 1878.

A luat parte la luptele din 1848-1849 şi la luptele austriaco-italiene din 1859, fapt pentru care a fost decorat şi ridicat la rangul de maior.

A fost comandat al Şcolii de război şi al Şcolii administrative. În 1869 a fost numit şef al departamentului nr. 5 din Ministerul de război austro-ungar, iar în 1872 comandant al Brigăzii I din divizia a VI-a infanterie. Din 1876 a fost director al Institutului geografic-militar din Viena. A ieşit la pensie în 1879.

A primit numeroase decoraţii şi distincţii: cavaler al ordinului Leopold, cavaler al Marii Cruci a ordinului Sfântul Stanislav, cavaler al ordinului regal italian Sf. Mauriţiu şi Lazăr, precum şi mare ofiţer al ordinului persan al Soarelui şi Leului etc.

Ca pictor s-a axat pe peisaje şi flori, precum şi portrete în care înfăţişează oamenii din jurul său. Unul dintre tablourile sale care au dobândit notorietate a fost "Femeia cu lumânare aprinsă". Recunoscut pentru simţul său artistic, el a fost delegat al Austriei la expoziţia mondială de pictură de la Paris din 1878, precum şi preşedinte al comisiei austro-ungare la această expoziţiei.

S-a stins din viaţă la 15 mai 1888, la Viena.

Bibliografie

  • Groza, Liviu, Grănicerii bănăţeni. Pagini din cronica Regimentului de grăniceri din Caransebeş, Editura Militară, Bucureşti 1983