Warning: Constant Data already defined in /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php on line 259

Warning: Constant Discuţie Data already defined in /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php on line 260

Warning: session_name(): Session name cannot be changed after headers have already been sent in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/Setup.php on line 531

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property LoadBalancer::$mWriteIndex is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/LoadBalancer.php on line 65

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 197

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 215

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 208

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 225

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 186

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 576

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 590

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 583

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 609

Deprecated: Return type of ExplodeIterator::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/utils/StringUtils.php on line 558

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Revision::$mTextId is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/Revision.php on line 536

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Revision::$mUnpatrolled is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/Revision.php on line 696

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property WikitextContentHandler::$mModelName is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/content/ContentHandler.php on line 416

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property RequestContext::$recursion is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/context/RequestContext.php on line 328

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/WebResponse.php on line 37

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/cache/HTMLFileCache.php on line 138

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/encicl/public_html/w/LocalSettings.php:259) in /home/encicl/public_html/w/includes/cache/HTMLFileCache.php on line 139
Bătălia de la Szalânkemen (14 iulie 1456) - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Bătălia de la Szalânkemen (14 iulie 1456)

de la Enciclopedia României

Salt la: navigare, căutare

Bătălia navală de la Szalânkemen [Slankemen, Serbia] (14 iulie 1456). Spargerea blocadei otomane asupra Belgradului de către flota creştină comandată de Iancu de Hunedoara, căpitanul general al Ungariei.

Otomanii se pregătesc pentru cucerirea celei mai importante redute creştine, Belgradul (considerat a fi „cheia” Europei Centrale). În acelaşi timp, Papa Calixt III (1455 – 1458) încearcă prin diferite mijloace să-i convingă pe occidentali de eficienţa unei noi cruciade antiotomane, desemnându-l pe franciscanul Ioan de Capistrano cu propovăduirea acestei idei.

Obiectivele principale ale campaniei erau apărarea Belgradului şi eliberarea Constantinopolelui. Otomanii au înconjurat Belgradul, supunându-l asediului. Din 4 iulie 1456, încep bombardamentele, iar flota compusă din 60 de galere şi 150 de vase mai mici (cf. Camil Mureşan) a fost dispusă pe Dunăre, la Slankemen (la vărsarea Tisei în Dunăre), pentru a împiedica buna aprovizionare a Belgradului. Creştinii cu cele c. 200 de nave coordonate de Iancu, din care numai o parte erau echipate corespunzător, atacă din două direcţii; în acelaşi timp, participă şi vasele aflate la Belgrad, sub comanda lui Mihail Szilágyi. Alături de acestea, pe uscat se aflau c. 15 000 de oşteni, sub comanda lui Ioan de Capistrano, care trebuia să împiedice eventualele ajutoare trimise de otomani în ajutorul flotei şi să-i prindă pe fugarii de pe navele bombardate.

Atacul creştinilor, venit din două direcţii, a fost fulgerător, în aprox. cinci ore mai multe corăbii au fost scufundate, unele au fost capturate, iar altele foarte grav avariate. La 15 iulie 1456, Belgradul primea trupe, alimente şi arme, fapt ce arată că Dunărea fusese eliberată şi blocada spartă.

Bibliografie orientativă

  • George Marcu (coord.), Enciclopedia bătăliilor din istoria românilor, Editura Meronia, Bucureşti, 2011