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Sincronism - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Sincronism

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Sincronismul este o ideologie europenistă care s-a conturat în perioada interbelică în jurul elitelor proeuropene din România şi avându-l ca principal exponent şi teoretician pe criticul literar Eugen Lovinescu. Acesta i-a dat numele de „sincronism” cu înţelesul de „sincronizare” între România subdezvoltată şi Occident.

Descriere

La baza teoriei sincroniste stă lucrarea Istoria civilizaţiei române moderne a lui Eugen Lovinescu, o investigaţie cu privire la originea dezvoltării României moderne, lucrare care a avut un mare răsunet şi care l-a plasat pe Lovinescu în centrul dezbaterii cu privire la locul pe care România trebuie să-l ocupe în raport cu civilizaţia occidentală. Mergând pe firul istoric al dezvoltării României moderne, Lovinescu se opreşte la prima jumătate a secolului XIX şi introducerea capitalismului în Principatele Române, pe care o consideră cauza majoră a schimbărilor survenite în tânărul stat suveran. Totodată economistul şi sociologul Ştefan Zeletin, reprezentant al neoliberalismului românesc, investighează schimbările de natură economică şi socială, ajungând substanţial la aceeaşi concluzii. Cei doi consideră că introducerea capitalismului occidental a reprezentat forţa principală din spatele modernizării ţării. Lovinescu s-a preocupat de mentalul românesc, în timp ce Zeletin delimita schimbările de natură economică şi socială.

În consecinţă, elitele proeuropene ale epocii s-au angajat într-un proces de micşorare a distanţei dintre România şi Occident, distanţă pe care o percepeau drept enormă. Pentru a se "sincroniza" ei considerau că România trebuie să adopte în mod masiv instituţiile, etica şi practicile occidentale. Lovinescu mai susţinea că sincronismul nu se rezumă doar la imitaţie ci însemna şi integrare.

Bibliografie

  • Lovinescu, Eugen, Istoria Civilizaţiei române moderne, 1923-1926
  • Hitchins, Keith, Historiography of the Countries of Eastern Europe: Romania, American Historical Review, 1992