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Bătălia de la Ialomiţa (2 septembrie 1442) - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Bătălia de la Ialomiţa (2 septembrie 1442)

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Bătălia de pe Ialomiţa (1442)
Oastea lui Iancu de Hunedoara

Comandant:
Iancu de Hunedoara
Forţe:
25.000
Pierderi:
Neprecizate

2 septembrie 1442
Râul Ialomiţa

Comandant:
Sehabeddin
Forţe:
80.000
Pierderi:
Neprecizate

Oastea otomană

Rezultat: Victorie decisivă a forţelor transilvănene

Bătălia de pe Ialomiţa (2 septembrie 1442) a fost un conflict armat desfăşurat în Ţara Românească între otomanii conduşi de beylerbey-ul Rumeliei, Sehabeddin, şi voievodul Transilvaniei, Iancu de Hunedoara (14411456). Acesta pătrunsese în Ţara Românească în 1442 şi-l înlocuise pe Vlad Dracul (1437 – 1442, 14441447) cu fiul lui Dan al II-lea (14201421, 14221427, 1427 – 1431), Basarab al II-lea (1442 – 1444).

În august 1442, o mare oaste otomană (istoricii contemporani o apreciază la 80.000 de oameni) trece Dunărea pe la Nicopole, cu ordinul de a redresa situaţia. Otomanii cuceresc cetatea Târgovişte şi pornesc apoi în grupuri, după pradă. Beylerbey-ul, cu cea mai mare parte, a armatei înaintează pe Valea Ialomiţei, spre Pasul Buzău.

Pe 2 septembrie 1442, Iancu, în fruntea a circa 25.000 de oşteni, îl atacă pe râul Ialomiţa, folosind teritoriul muntos şi strâmt, şi obţine o strălucită victorie.

Au căzut pe câmpul de luptă un sangeak şi patru bey, Sehabeddin s-a retras spre Dunăre lăsând grupurile plecate după pradă la discreţia învingătorilor, care le-au nimicit. Iancu a luat o captură bogată, „… steaguri, corturi, vreo 5.000 de cămile, cai şi catâri, haine scumpe şi atâtea alte lucruri…” (Camil Mureşan). Sultanul l-a înlocuit pe Sehabeddin, în fruntea Rumeliei, cu Hassan.

După alungarea otomanilor, Basarab al II-lea ocupă tronul, fiind considerat de regele Ungariei, Vladislav I (1440 – 1444), ca „adevăratul moştenitor” al acestei ţări. Iancu îşi începe astfel rolul de protector al celor două state româneşti, de la sud şi est de Carpaţi, „… consolidând astfel încadrarea Ţării Româneşti în frontul antiotoman, aşa cum fusese în vremea lui Mircea cel Bătrân” (Ştefan Ştefănescu).

Bibliografie

  • George Marcu (coord.), Enciclopedia bătăliilor din istoria românilor, Editura Meronia, Bucureşti 2011