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Bătălia de la Siret (1 februarie 1538) - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Bătălia de la Siret (1 februarie 1538)

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Bătălia de pe Siret (1 februarie 1538). Incursiune polonă în Moldova, în contextul conflictului pentru Pocuţia.

Situaţia tensionată dintre Moldova şi Polonia, survenită după bătălia de la Obertyn (22 august 1531), nu a putut fi dezamorsată nici după implicarea diplomatică a regelui Ungariei, Ioan Zápolya (1526 – 1540), şi a lui Ferdinand I de Austria (1526 – 1564). Începând cu noiembrie 1537, incursiunile celor două oşti, au luat o amploare deosebită. Încă din iulie 1537, regele polon, Sigismund I (1506 – 1548) a dispus crearea unei armate cu care să-l învingă definitiv pe domnul Moldovei, Petru Rareş (1527 – 1538, 1541 – 1546), dar opoziţia şleahtei (deoarece era perioada strângerii recoltei) a întârziat expediţia.

La începutul lunii noiembrie 1538, mai multe detaşamente polone, conduse de Nicolae Sieniawski, trec graniţa şi ard ţinutul din jurul oraşului Cernăuţi, până la Botoşani. Domnul moldovean, în fruntea unei armate de 20 000 de oameni, atacă sudul Poloniei (ianuarie 1538), jefuindu-l. Luaţi pe neaşteptate, polonii au reacţionat destul de târziu. O oaste, inferioară numeric celei moldovene, condusă de Sieniawski şi Andrei Tęczyński, castelanul de Polaniec, încearcă să-i surprindă pe atacatori în momentul retragerii.

Cele două armate s-au întâlnit la Tremblowa, pe Siret, la 1 februarie 1538, oastea polonă este zdrobită, „niminea de arme nu să apuca, ci de fugă, să scape. Şi dându în Sirétiu, mulţi s-au înecat, mulţi tăiaţi şi împuşcaţi, de au pierit mai mulţi de 2 000 într-acel războiu, fură robiţi şi răniţi” (Grigore Ureche, Letopiseţul Ţării Moldovei).

Impactul acestei expediţii a fost imens. Regele a cerut Seimului de la Piotrków (ianuarie – februarie 1538) să adopte creşterea taxelor, în vederea recrutării unei armate, de trei ori mai mare decât cea de la Obertyn, pentru a reglementa problemele teritoriale cu Moldova. Situaţia devine favorabilă Poloniei, în momentul marii expediţii întreprinsă de sultan împotriva lui Petru Rareş (vara 1538), când regele Sigismund I dispune atacul asupra Moldovei.

Bibliografie orientativă

  • George Marcu (coord.), Enciclopedia bătăliilor din istoria românilor, Editura Meronia, Bucureşti, 2011