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Dositej Obradović - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Dositej Obradović

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Dositej Obradović
Dositej Obradovic.jpg
Dositej Dimitrije Obradović
Naţionalitate sârb
Născut 17 februarie 1742, Ciacova, judeţul Timiş
Decedat 1811, Belgrad
Ocupaţie călugăr, scriitor

Dositej Dimitrije Obradović (n. 17 februarie 1742, Ciacova - d. 1881, Belgrad) a fost un călugăr, scriitor şi traducător sârb, un mare iluminist care a influenţat puternic cultura sârbă prin scrierile sale, născut în Banat în localitatea Ciacova, dintr-o familie de sârbi.

Biografie

De mic a învăţat atât limba sârbă cât şi limba română. După moartea părinţilor rămâne în grija unchiului care vrea să-l facă preot. Tânărul visează însă să ajungă monah şi aşa ajunge să fugă cu un călugăr călător spre Turcia, dar este prins şi întors acasă, de unde este trimis la Timişoara. După numai un an fuge din nou şi ajunge în august 1757 la mănăstirea Novo Hopovo. Aici devine diacon şi ia numele de Dositej (Dositei). Rămâne la mănăstire până în 2 noiembrie 1760, când porneşte spre Zagreb şi ceea ce mai departe va deveni un periplu de nu mai bine de 45 de ani de călătorii prin întreaga Europă. A călătorit prin Albania, Dalmaţia, Corfu, Grecia, Ungaria, Turcia, Franţa, Rusia, Anglia, Italia. Se reîntoarce şi în România şi pentru o perioadă de timp devine profesor la Iaşi. Apoi pleacă spre Germania, Polonia, Austria. Pe lângă limba sârbă şi română cu care a crescut, Obradović mai învaţă o sumedenie de limbi şi dialecte pe care le şi predă. Învaţă greaca veche şi modernă, latina, germana, engleza, franceza, albaneza, italiana.

În 1806 se mută în Serbia iar doi ani mai târziu înfiinţează "Marea Şcoală" din Belgrad care va deveni apoi Universitate. Obradović more în 1811 la Belgrad, după aproape 5 decenii de umblat prin lume.

Bibliografie