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Serdar - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Serdar

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Serdarul era un dregător din Moldova şi Ţara Românească din evul mediu, echivalent cu gradul de general din zilele noastre sau cu cel de comandant de oşti. În principal rolul serdarului era să păzească graniţele ţării.

Titlul de serdar a fost menţionat pentru prima oară în Moldova în anul 1651, iar în Ţara Românească în anul 1645.

În Moldova secolului al XVII-lea serdarul era însărcinat cu paza graniţei de răsărit, având subordonaţi călăraşii căpităniilor din estul ţării, împotriva unor eventuale incursiuni tătărăşti. Se subordona marelui hatman moldovean, fiind considerat un fel de "hatman de câmp".

Dregătoria serdarului ocupa un loc de frunte între dregătorii care asistau la sfatul domnesc şi avea subordonate forţe militare însemnate, uneori chiar domnitorul temându-se de puterea atribuită acestuia. Serdarul avea dreptul de a numi vornici în satele care se aflau sub controlul său, precum şi hotnogi (locotenenţi). Ca atribuţii, pe lângă paza hotarelor ţării, serdarul îngrijea robii care erau răscumpăraţi de la tătari, îndruma soliile străine şi se îngrijea ca negustorii să nu ocolească punctele de vamă. În secolul al XVIII-lea, când a început să îndeplinească şi funcţii administrative şi judecătoreşti, avea dreptul de a judeca timp de trei zile în târguri, reţinând pentru sine valorile obţinute din amenzi.

În Ţara Românească serdarul era subordonat în secolul al XVII-lea spătarului şi se numea serdar de mazili, deoarece comanda această categorie de boieri care deţinuseră în trecut diverse dregătorii. Era responsabil, ca şi în Moldova, de paza graniţelor, având subordonate oşti de pază. În secolul al XVIII-lea era responsabil de carele de oaste şi de salahorii care lucrau pentru domnie. De asemenea, era mai mare peste serviciul de poştă şi avea grijă de taberele ostăşeşti.

Bibliografie

  • Magazin Istoric - anul V, nr. 5 (50), mai 1971