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Bătălia de la Sibiu (22 martie 1442) - Enciclopedia României - prima enciclopedie online despre România

Bătălia de la Sibiu (22 martie 1442)

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Planul bătăliei de la Sibiu

Bătălia de la Sibiu („Locul zis Waskapu”, 22 martie 1442), dintre voievodul Transilvaniei, Iancu de Hunedoara (1441 – 1456), şi otomani.

După înfrângerea oştilor lui Iancu la Sântimbru (18 martie 1442), otomanii, conduşi de Mezid, bey-ul Vidinului, s-au îndreptat spre Sibiu, care era asediat, încă de la pătrunderea lor în Transilvania.

Iancu şi-a refăcut armata cu trupe trimise din comitatele Cluj, Turda, Târnave şi Hunedoara, la care s-au adăugat secuii şi saşii, conduşi de judele regal Anton Trautenberger, în total c. 10 000 de oameni. El adoptă aceeaşi tactică ofensivă, ca şi la Sântimbru. Pentru a produce derută în tabăra otomană, conform cronicarilor Jan Thuroczi şi Antonio Bonfini, voievodul schimbase hainele cu un nobil, Simion Kamonyai. Acesta, împreună cu un grup de 5 000 cavaleri cuirasaţi, care constituiau cavaleria grea a voievodului şi principala lui forţă de şoc, s-a repezit spre oastea otomană, obligând-o să se regrupeze şi să se apere.

Otomanii au făcut eforturi mari pentru a-l ucide pe Kamonyai, crezându-l voievodul însuşi, drept pentru care au lăsat descoperite flancurile. În acest moment, Iancu atacă fulgerător şi zdrobeşte cea mai mare parte a oastei otomane, care este lovită de o ploaie de săgeţi şi ghiulele de bombardă, trase din cetate. Mezid şi fiul său cad pe câmpul de luptă. Rămaşi fără conducător, oştenii otomani intră în panică şi fug în dezordine. Un corp de oaste, condus de fiul fostului domn muntean, Dan al II-lea (1420 – 1421, 1422 – 1427, 1427 – 1431), Basarab, îi urmăreşte până la pasul Turnu şi, în timp ce încercau să treacă în Ţara Românească, îi nimiceşte.

Iancu impune pe tronul Ţării Româneşti pe Basarab al II-lea (1442 – 1444), care va participa alături de el la bătălia de pe râul Ialomiţa şi la Campania cea Lungă. Otomanii au pierdut în această bătălie c. 20 000 de oameni, în timp ce în tabăra creştină s-au înregistrat 3 000 de morţi. În iulie 1442, voievodul Transilvaniei, îl anunţă pe regele Ungariei, Vladislav I (1440 – 1444), despre victoria obţinută.

Bibliografie orientativă

  • George Marcu (coord.), Enciclopedia bătăliilor din istoria românilor, Editura Meronia, Bucureşti, 2011